Pneumonia in horses is an infection of the lungs that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. It often occurs as a secondary complication to other respiratory illnesses like equine influenza, strangles, or EHV. Pneumonia is especially dangerous in foals, older horses, or those with weakened immune systems.
What Causes Pneumonia?
- Bacterial or viral respiratory infections
- Aspiration of feed, water, or medication into the lungs
- Weakened immune function due to stress, travel, or other illness
- Prolonged exposure to dusty, moldy, or poorly ventilated environments
- Complications from strangles or equine influenza
Common Symptoms
- Persistent cough
- Fever and depression
- Rapid or labored breathing
- Nasal discharge (may be thick or discolored)
- Loss of appetite and weight loss
How to Treat It
- Contact your veterinarian immediately for evaluation and diagnostics (such as ultrasound or tracheal wash)
- Administer prescribed antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, and supportive care
- Ensure clean, dust-free, and well-ventilated environments
- Encourage hydration and rest
- Monitor closely for relapse or complications like pleuropneumonia
Prevention Tips
- Vaccinate against primary respiratory diseases like EHV and influenza
- Maintain good barn ventilation and low-dust bedding
- Quarantine sick horses and monitor herd health
- Avoid overexerting horses recovering from illness
Why It Matters
Pneumonia can rapidly become life-threatening without prompt treatment. Acting fast, supporting your horse’s recovery, and managing barn hygiene are key to keeping lungs clear and horses healthy.